[obx22]

If you are in the US of A the answer is yes as it applies to the action, however the barrel must be 16" long and if memory serves the minimum overall length is 26". I have read that once a handgun is converted to a rifle it cannot be reverted back to a handgun legally(dunno if thats true or not, there were exceptions written specifically for the T/C contender). In addition, I believe it is possible to apply for a manufacturers permit to construct a short barrelled rifle, paperwork very similar to applications for constructing suppressors. If you could contact a class 3 dealer he/she may be able to answer more, or you could go the the BATF website and inquire.
Hope this helps,
warren